AWARDEE OF TECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES PRIZE
GUAN QIAO
Abstract
Guan Qiao, expert in welding science and technology, research professor of Beijing Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Research Institute (BAMTRI), member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, male, was born on 2 July, 1935 in Shanxi Province, China. He graduated from Moscow Bauman High Technical University in 1959, majoring in welding technology at the Department of Mechanical Engineering, obtained Ph. D. degree in 1963. His Ph. D. thesis was devoted to solve welding stress and distortion problems of thin-walled titanium components. Since return to China, as a research engineer, he has engaged in research and development of welding technology mainly for aerospace structures at BAMTRI. Since 1987, he has held a position of Research Professor and Head of Welding Department as well as Vice-Chairman of the Academic Committee at BAMTRI, concurrently he is an adjunct professor of Tsing Hua University and Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. As an awardee of Royal Fellowship, by invitation of The Royal Society UK, from 1987 till 1988, he carried out, by his initiative, a joint research programme on “Low Stress No-Distortion Welding for Thin Materials” at The Welding Institute, Cambridge, UK.
In 1990, he was elected to be the President of Chinese Welding Society (1990-1995). He was also a Vice-President of International Institute of Welding (1992-1995), a member of the Technical Committee of the Executive Council of IIW (1996-1999). In 1994, he was elected to be a member of The Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE). He is currently a Deputy Director of the Division of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering of CAE.
Prof. Guan is a reputed expert in welding science and technology. By his initiative and efforts, two Key Laboratories were established at BAMTRI: the State Key Lab. for High Energy Density Beam Processing Technology and the Key Lab. for Aviation Joining Technology. He is currently the Chairman of the Academic Committees for both the Key Labs.
Prof. Guan's scientific research works in his last forty years covered a large number of important areas in development of welding science and technology in China. Among them most outstanding achievments in fundamental researches are made on welding mechanics in controlling of buckling distortions in thin-walled structures, typical welded components for aerospace vehicles, such as, plates, shells, panels etc. . His invention of “Low stress No-Distortion Welding for Thin Materials” has been recognized both in China and world-wide as a fruitful contribution to the progress of welding mechanics as well as manufacturing engineering in sheet metal fabrication.
Based on a series of continously systematic fundamental research works on: welding heat source efficiency, specific characteristics in transient welding strain-stress formation, numerical analysis of thermal strain cycles during welding, stress and distortion calculations for shell structures, Prof. Guan emphasises that in the absence of experimental verification of FE programs related to welding high temperature physico-mechanical cycles and if corroboration is limited just to the residual state, the powerful tool of FE analysis can not be considered as reliable and practically useful. He has developed a high temperature Moire measurement method for verification of FE programs for welding transient strain-stress analysis.
In 1982, a new idea of active in-process control of welding stress and distortion for thinwalled structures was suggested and analyzed by Prof. Guan to solve the buckling problems in aerospace manufacturing. The newly developed method of “Low Stress No-Distortion (LSND) Welding Technique” has been successfully applied in both aerospace industry and general sheet metal fabrication. In 1990, in analyzing the internal and external restrain factors related to transient welding strain-stress cycles, Prof. Guan developed further the LSND welding technique and introduced a dynamic control method to prevent the weldments from buckling using a coupled “heat source-heat sink” technique. Both LSND welding methods are proved out in avoiding completely the buckling distortion while using existing fusion welding processes.
Prof. Guan's outstanding achievements were recognized by a number of significant prizes and awards: The National Science Congress Award (1978), The State Aviation Gold Prize (1992), The GuangHua Prize lst Class (1996), The State Invention Award 2nd Class (1995), The Ministry Scientific and Technological Progress Awards lst Class (1993, 1994) and 2nd Class (1998,1990,1985). He is the first author of more than 50 works published in domestic and international journals and conferences.
